Virchow’s Triad
Virchow’s triad represents a series of 3 changes that take place inside the veins, which determine the formation of venous thrombi. This condition is also called venous thromboembolism.
A German pathologist named Rudolf Virchow first described this triad more than 150 years ago. He discovered the conditions necessary for the formation and migration of the venous thrombus.
We will begin by describing Virchow’s triad and analyze more information that will allow us to understand venous thrombosis and its health risks.
What describes Virchow’s triad?
Prothrombotic states: what are they?
On the one hand, genetic mutations, when they involve coagulation factors, can lead to a prothrombotic state. This genetic inheritance is difficult or impossible to change, because we are at risk from the moment of conception.
On the other hand, there are systemic diseases that stimulate blood clotting, such as cancer, high blood pressure, nephropathy, and chronic venous disease. People with varicose veins and venous insufficiency are particularly sensitive.
Habits and lifestyle are also important in the thrombus formation equation. Obese people and smokers are at high risk. Those who have to travel for long periods of time by plane have an increased risk of coagulation in the legs.
In women, the use of estrogen in hormonal contraceptives deserves special attention. The specialist should always assess the risk of thrombosis before prescribing such a method of contraception. During pregnancy, the pressure of the uterus on the veins that go to the lower limbs slows down the circulation, favoring the appearance of Virchow’s triad.
Other associated situations include:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- The air pollution
- Injuries to the lower limbs
- Prolonged immobilization due to hospitalizations longer than 48 hours
What is venous thromboembolism?
How are the problems caused by Virchow’s triad diagnosed?
